HELP NEWBIE Pls - "Windows failed to start" error on dual boot system

[royalmp2001]

Gold_finger,
Thank you for your valuable assistance - much appreciated.
Requested output below....

Code:

System:    Host: marius-Lenovo-IdeaPad-N585 Kernel: 3.13.0-62-generic x86_64 (64 bit, gcc: 4.8.2)
           Desktop: Xfce 4.11.8 (Gtk 2.24.23) Distro: Ubuntu 14.04 trusty
Machine:   System: LENOVO (portable) product: 20179 version: Lenovo IdeaPad N585
           Mobo: LENOVO model: Lenovo IdeaPad N585 version: 31900003WIN8 STD MLT
           Bios: LENOVO version: 6CCN96WW(V8.08) date: 01/16/2013
CPU:       Dual core AMD E1-1500 APU with Radeon HD Graphics (-MCP-) cache: 1024 KB flags: (lm nx sse sse2 sse3 sse4a ssse3 svm) bmips: 5909.22
           Clock Speeds: 1: 1233.00 MHz 2: 822.00 MHz
Graphics:  Card: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD/ATI] Wrestler [Radeon HD 7310] bus-ID: 00:01.0
           X.Org: 1.15.1 drivers: ati,radeon (unloaded: fbdev,vesa) Resolution: [email protected]
           GLX Renderer: Gallium 0.4 on AMD PALM GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 10.1.3 Direct Rendering: Yes
Audio:     Card-1: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] FCH Azalia Controller driver: snd_hda_intel bus-ID: 00:14.2
           Card-2: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD/ATI] Wrestler HDMI Audio driver: snd_hda_intel bus-ID: 00:01.1
           Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture ver: k3.13.0-62-generic
Network:   Card-1: Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter driver: ath9k bus-ID: 06:00.0
           IF: wlan0 state: up mac: <filter>
           Card-2: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
           driver: r8169 ver: 2.3LK-NAPI port: 2000 bus-ID: 02:00.0
           IF: eth0 state: down mac: <filter>
Drives:    HDD Total Size: 320.1GB (1.7% used) 1: id: /dev/sda model: ST320LT012 size: 320.1GB
Partition: ID: / size: 16G used: 5.0G (34%) fs: ext4 ID: swap-1 size: 3.84GB used: 0.00GB (0%) fs: swap
RAID:      No RAID devices detected - /proc/mdstat and md_mod kernel raid module present
Sensors:   System Temperatures: cpu: 57.0C mobo: N/A gpu: 57.0
           Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A
Info:      Processes: 167 Uptime: 13 min Memory: 656.5/3523.9MB Runlevel: 2 Gcc sys: 4.8.4
           Client: Shell (bash 4.3.11) inxi: 1.9.17
marius@marius-Lenovo-IdeaPad-N585:~$ sudo parted --list
[sudo] password for marius:
Model: ATA ST320LT012-9WS14 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 320GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt

Number  Start   End     Size    File system     Name                          Flags
1      1049kB  1050MB  1049MB  ntfs            Basic data partition          hidden, diag
2      1050MB  1322MB  273MB   fat32           EFI system partition          boot, hidden
3      1322MB  2371MB  1049MB  fat32           Basic data partition          hidden
4      2371MB  2505MB  134MB                   Microsoft reserved partition  msftres
5      2505MB  250GB   248GB   ntfs            Basic data partition          msftdata
10      250GB   250GB   1049kB                                                bios_grub
11      250GB   267GB   17.0GB  ext4
12      267GB   271GB   3838MB  linux-swap(v1)
6      271GB   271GB   472MB   ntfs                                          hidden, diag
7      271GB   272GB   472MB   ntfs                                          hidden, diag
8      272GB   299GB   26.8GB  ntfs            Basic data partition          msftdata
9      299GB   320GB   21.5GB  ntfs            Basic data partition          hidden, diag


Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system).  /dev/sr0
has been opened read-only.
Error: /dev/sr0: unrecognised disk label